This article describes how to build a new generation of ArcGIS 9 based on fundamental geographic information system platform, and discusses the establishment of basic geographic information system platform data platform, service platform and application platform specific construction ideas. For the service platform, this paper presents three ideas to elaborate and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these ideas.
Keywords: Geographic information system; spatial data; ArcGIS; WebServices; WebControl; government geographic information system platform; Water integrated management system
1 Introduction
With today the rapid development of computer technology has also brought a geographic information system (GIS) in rapid development. At present GIS is turned by the single point of distributed computing, expanding the application fields. In particular, J2EE and. net development and application of technology opened up new technical ideas WebGIS. This article discusses the basic geographic information system platform, not a pure GIS platform, but on the basis of the GIS platform, based on actual demand, further expansion and packaging, to build a practical application-oriented basic geographic information system platform, services to specific applications. ESRI latest release of ArcGIS 9, with a strong and complete GIS service architecture that supports high scalability secondary development. combined with geographic information system platform based on the characteristics and ArcGIS 9 new features, I believe that use of ArcGIS 9 to build a basic geographic information system platform, has great advantages, we will be further discussed below.
2 basic geographic information system platform based on the composition of geographic information by analyzing
system platform requirements, can be drawn, based platform is to solve three problems: First, we must solve the data management; second, to provide back-office services and the ability to have a secondary development; third application is to provide a basis for further expansion, the actual system service. the summary, I believe that the basic geographic information system platform should be the data platform, service platform and application platform components:
1) data platform
mainly used to collect data platform, production, processing, Maintenance and management of spatial data. data processing platform specifically should include maps, attribute data management, data conversion, data backup and data unified management. In addition, the data platform should also include data security management, such as for access control, ensure data security.
2) service platform
service platform is the basic geographic information system platform, the core should have been more open and secondary development capacity. the one hand, should have a core platform services, such as map services, property services, spatial analysis services, metadata services, and thematic map services, on the other hand should provide a strong development component group, the key is to provide a powerful Web development capabilities, to meet the basic geographic information system platform The openness and scalability needs.
3) application platform
map browsing application platform includes the module, the information query module, spatial analysis module, the module thematic map production and data sharing modules. These modules serve as the basis of geographical necessary foundation information system platform application modules, these modules can be further developed on the basis of the actual applications.
3 ArcGIS 9 framework released this year introduced
ESRI ArcGIS 9, I believe that is the function of ESRI's date the most powerful and complete version. ArcGIS 9 ArcGIS Apart from the good characteristics of the original, the new version of a revolutionary breakthrough, mainly reflected in:
(1) combined ArcObjects and MapObjects to ArcEngine
I believe that there is ESRI ArcEngine was an epoch-making breakthrough, the optimization of the core component architecture, the introduction of a series of secondary development of more powerful control, while supporting COM, Java and. net development, and the results for distribution, greatly reducing development difficult, but also greatly improves the efficiency of GIS application development.
(2) ArcGIS Server development ushered in the era of real
WebGIS WebGIS application system based on ArcIMS development, although the configuration is not very complicated, but its openness, flexibility and scalability of the total desired. and ArcGIS Server has completely changed the appearance of such constraints: The Web templates, Web controls, and Web services, WebGIS application development entirely in a visual environment to customize, greatly improving development efficiency.
ArcGIS 9 framework of the new system as shown in Figure 3.1.1, spatial data engine for the SDE, and further improve the spatial data model GeoDatabase; core services, including ArcGIS Server and ArcIMS; component layer and the related expansion of ArcEngine module; desktop application layer, including ArcInfo, ArcEditor, ArcView and so on. In each layer, provide a secondary development interface associated with each other to form a tight system.
to build a basic geographic information system platform, need to use ArcGIS system to a few core modules: ArcEngine, ArcGIS Server and ArcIMS, the following will make a brief introduction.
3.1 ArcEngine introduced
I have already said, ArcEngine is ArcGIS an epoch-making product, mainly in that it provides a perfect component framework and controls framework for the secondary development of arbitrary to provide a development tool. For ArcEngine, ESRI positioned to provide embedded GIS component, can be used to build applications within an organization, to provide users with GIS capabilities targeted for the specific needs of each user to provide GIS functionality to achieve a targeted basis. In fact, according to the author, and found ArcEngine application much more. In theory, the full realization by ArcEngine ArcInfo Desktop Applications or ArcGIS Server, which is discussed later implementation platform for our services may be.
3.2 ArcGIS Server Introduction
ArcGIS Server is a server ArGIS 9 new, the main focus for building management, support multi-user enterprise level platform for GIS applications. ArcGIS Server provides a wealth of GIS functions, such as maps, locators and the use of the central server application software objects. developers use ArcGIS Server to build Web applications, Web services, and the other runs on a standard . NET and J2EE Web server enterprise applications.
ArcGIS Server consists of two main components: GIS Server and. NET and Java Web Application Development Framework (ADF). GIS server hosts ArcObjects object for Web applications and enterprise application to use. It contains the core ArcObjects libraries, and ArcObjects in a centralized, shared server operation to provide a flexible environment. ADF allows users to run ArcObjects in the GIS server to build and deploy. NET or Java, desktop and Web applications. while also providing a centralized, multi-user geodatabase editing.
3.4 ArcIMS introduced
ArcIMS ArcGIS family is used for GIS maps, data and metadata of the web publishing server. in ArcGIS 9 has been further expanded in ArcIMS. ArcIMS to make the site to provide GIS data, interactive maps, metadata catalogs, and specific GIS applications. Usually, ArcIMS users through their Web browser included with ArcIMS HTML or Java applications to access to these GIS services. In addition, ArcIMS services can also be more client access, such as ArcGIS Desktop, ArcGIS Engine application, ArcReader, ArcPad, ArcGIS Server node, MapObjects for Java applications and various network using HTTP and XML, wireless communication devices.
ArcIMS web publishing offers a variety of major features such as video rendering, streaming feature elements, data query, data extraction, geocoding, metadata, directory services, metadata catalog browsing and search applications, web mapping application and so on. It can be seen, ArcIMS map provides a powerful means of Web publishing, almost for the realization of basic geographic information system platform to provide full functionality.
4 Construction of the foundation based on ArcGIS 9 geographic information system platform
we mentioned earlier , for a basic geographic information system platform for its core platform, including data services platform (including the development platform), application platform. The following three platforms we will be specifically addressed the content and design ideas included.
4.1 data platform < br> data processing platform is mainly used to complete the map, attribute data management, data conversion, data backup and data management functions, as the basic geographic information system, should provide a centralized data management system to achieve the following functions:
4.1. Map 1 Map of processing
processing can provide ArcGIS ArcInfo, ArcEditor, or ArcView to achieve, you can also ArcEngine to develop a map processing module.
map processing should provide a vector graphics editing, graphical operating functions. mainly :
1) increase in graphics editing
elements (point, line, surface), delete elements, moving elements, copy elements, such as rotating elements of editing.
2) Note operation and editing
including the property transfer note, direct note. Note also can set the direction, font, font color, font size, etc..
4.1.2 Property Manager
used to achieve the integration of spatial and attribute database diagram, you can map to modify and associated attribute data entry. attribute entry table entry provides a way.
4.1.3 the main provider of data conversion
Shape, E00, DWG format, such as data import and export capabilities. At the same time should provide additional data formats Import and export functions, data conversion.
4.1.4
data backup data backup back up through the database itself and the use of SDE backup. SDE command can be achieved by all or incremental backup.
4.1. 5
data management data security mainly refers to the establishment of a data management system, implementation of data access as well as access logging settings.
1) access log records log records
and important data platform function, should be able to record data is more access, modify, and delete time, visitors and other sources.
2) data permissions
order to achieve data security, data access must be set to achieve a specific personnel set, you can also set a role. access control can go to a specific layer or the property sheet.
4.1.6 Integrated Data Management
the above module integrated into a desktop environment, to achieve the spatial data and attribute data, unified management, but also graphics and attributes to achieve interoperability. integrated data management system can be used to achieve ArcEngine.
4.3 service platform
service platform is the core platform based on geographic platform to provide core background support services, geographic information system platform to integrate the key parts. I believe that the platform is less should include the following services:
1) to provide map service
generated map image data, while access to the space layer for more information.
2) to provide property services
spatial query (click, marquee, choose and multilateral BUFFER choice), and data query.
3) spatial analysis services provide the core of spatial analysis
services, such as network analysis, BUFFER analysis, 3D analysis.
4) thematic map services
provide thematic map services, such as achieving contour, color renderings, three-dimensional surface maps, thematic maps pie, histogram feature diagrams.
5)
metadata service provides metadata browse and search services.
addition to these major services, should also provide location services, load balancing services, editing services, this will not further details. As a geographic information system platform based service platform, in addition to providing core services, there is an important function is to provide secondary development interface. In fact, today times have full access to the Web age, service platform provided by the secondary development interface should be primarily Web development interface. In response to this demand, we can use three options to achieve the service platform: ArcIMS, ArcGIS Server, and build a service platform based on ArcEngine the following, we will discuss the advantages of these three methods shortcomings.
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